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Council of Ministers (Poland)
The Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland (Polish: ''Rada Ministrów w Polsce'') is the collective executive decision-making body of the Polish government. The cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, also known as the President of the Council of Ministers, the Deputy Prime Minister, who acts as a vice-president of the council, and other ministers. The current competences and procedures of the cabinet are described between Articles 146 to 162 of the constitution.
==Nomination==
The process of forming the council of ministers begins with the nomination of the prime minister by the President of Poland.〔Article 154, para. 1〕 The prime minister will then propose the composition of the cabinet, which must then be approved by the president.〔 Despite the president's nominating role in choosing a prime minister and approving the composition of the cabinet, however, the presidency's role is strictly limited, as the president must respect the majority wishes of the Sejm.〔Garlicki, p. 28〕 Furthermore, the president is forbidden to select a different cabinet composition than the one already selected by the prime minister.〔Prokop, p. 128〕 Following their nomination, all members of the cabinet take the oath of office within the Column Room of the Presidential Palace, in a ceremony officiated by the president.
Within fourteen days of its appointment, the cabinet, headed by the prime minister, is obligated to submit an agenda to the Sejm together with a vote of confidence.〔Article 154, para. 2〕 Should the vote of confidence fail, the process of government formation passes to the Sejm, which will then nominate a prime minister within fourteen days, who will then again propose the composition of the cabinet.〔Article 154, para. 3〕 An absolute majority of votes in the presence of at least half of all Sejm deputies is required to approve of the cabinet, which the president will then accept and administer their oaths of office. Should a vote of confidence fail again, the process of nomination is handed back to the presidency, who must again appoint a prime minister, who will then nominate other members of the cabinet.〔Article 155, para. 1〕 If the vote of confidence fails a third time, the president is obliged to shorten the Sejm's term of office and order new elections.〔Article 155, para. 2〕 However, since the adoption of the Constitution of 1997, all cabinets have successfully received a vote of confidence for their mandates, and have never required all of the reserve protocols of government formation to take place.〔Prokop, pp. 129-130 All cabinets formed after a parliamentary election have successfully received a vote confidence in accordance to paras. 1-2 of Article 154. The invocation of para. 3, where the government formation process passes to the Sejm, has, as of date, never taken place. Article 155, para. 1 was used notably during the appointment of Prime Minister Marek Belka's second cabinet by President Aleksander Kwaśniewski after failing an initial vote of confidence in 2004. Following Belka's renomination, Belka successfully obtained a vote of confidence from Sejm deputies.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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